INTRODUCTION: Social media platforms, as areas where individuals meet around a common interest and purpose, have found members wherever the internet is available because they are interactive and their use does not require technical skills. The aim of this study is to bring up and explain the concepts of digital violence (cyberbullying as an umbrella term), hate speech, and hate crime; to examine the causative factors, and to contribute to the literature by sharing possible solutions.
METHODS: In accordance with the scope of the study, ten articles were determined as a result of the Google Scholar search made with keywords and analyzed by a document analysis method. Based on the descriptive analysis, the articles were analyzed in terms of a year, area, subject, the universe, data collection tool, analysis methods, and the data were tabulated.
RESULTS: As a result of this analysis, it was concluded that the trivialization of the distinction between public and private spheres, the lack of control of the new media, and the prejudices acquired by the individuals from the groups they feel belonged to reveal violence and hatred. In addition, suggestions on how to combat cyberbullying are presented based on the research analyzed.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Education and training, education, literacy, anger management, family and school interventions, cyberbullying prevention programs and interventions are the most effective methods to combat cyberbullying.

Sports businesses, like other businesses, generally produce goods and services and help individuals in the society stay healthy. It is a known fact that sports businesses were established without these two reasons. The establishment of sports businesses is seen as a process that covers economic, social, technical and legal dimensions, as in other businesses. In addition, the human factor is a very important factor in businesses. Personnel management in sports businesses is concerned with how the personnel should be managed and how they should be happy and productive. From this point of view, the subjects of sports businesses and personnel management are discussed in this study.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this research is to reveal the general characteristics and research tendencies of the studies on self-efficacy in education by bibliometric analysis with various criteria of the published doctoral theses. METHODS: Within the scope of this study access was provided to a total of 31 national doctoral theses registered in the National Thesis Center database of the Council of Higher Education. Theses were examined within the criteria; publication year, university and department; research method, pattern and the notions associated with mental toughness.
ANALYSIS OF DATA: SPSS 26 package program was used for data analysis. Categorical variables were presented by graphs using descriptive (frequency and percentages) statistics.
RESULTS: After the research, it was determined that the doctoral theses published on self-efficacy were prepared in 17 different universities in total and mostly (%45) in the department of Educational Sciences. Research findings pointing out that the first doctoral thesis is published in 2007 and the highest number of theses were published in 2020; the correlational design was mostly (%36) preferred in the quantitative research method (%74). Finally, ‘emotional intelligence’ notion preference -associated with self-efficacy- at a rate (%11) is another finding of this research. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: As a result, it can be said that the positivist paradigm tradition is dominant in doctoral thesis on self-efficacy and the correlational design are mostly preferred by quantitative research methods in this approach.